Original Lens WeLens

On May 12th, a photo of "Donuts" was screened on major social platforms.

Sagittarius A*(SgrA*)

This photo named A * Sagittarius (SGRA *), a black hole in the center of the Milky Way, is the first photo of a supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way, which confirms the theory that this celestial body is a black hole. Einstein, the old man, is right again.

The picture was captured by EHT(Event Horizon telescope). EHT combines eight radio telescopes located in Chile, Antarctica, Spain and other places on the earth to form a "virtual" telescope with a caliber as big as the earth.

Although as early as 2019, EHT captured the first black hole image-the black hole map in the Virgo A galaxy (Messier 87), Sagittarius A* shows a more standard, quiet and static state of black holes, which is the supermassive black hole closest to human beings.

Old donuts, black holes in the Virgo A galaxy (Messier 87)

In fact, the black hole of Sagittarius A* itself is invisible because no light or matter can escape its gravitational control.

But its shadow can be captured, which is a group of luminous and fuzzy rings, and the shadow of matter rotating on the cliff of the black hole at near the speed of light.

People are used to describing black holes as greedy and violent monsters in the universe. There are such dark monsters scattered everywhere in the universe. There are many such black beasts lurking in the center of most galaxies. Their mass is millions or even billions of times that of the sun, and many of them are the products of the collapse of dead stars.

However, this "giant" of the Milky Way is very gentle. It only consumes a small amount of material. Scientists say that if it is compared to a human being, it will only consume a grain of rice in a million years.

Because Sagittarius A* is relatively small, it means that the dust and gas in its accretion disk orbit will change rapidly in a few minutes, not weeks, just like people take an old camera to shoot a puppy chasing its tail, so it is more difficult to develop the second "photo" of Sagittarius A* than the larger Virgo A galaxy black hole, and it took five years to successfully show it to the public.

Scientists also verified Einstein’s general theory of relativity by simulating observation data. After data analysis, scientists found that the observed black hole shadow is almost exactly the same as predicted by relativity.

Apart from scientific factors, there is no doubt that Sagittarius A* has an emotional connection with us, because it looks very much like a doughnut, and people call it "another doughnut, but it is our doughnut."

Human beings’ curiosity about the universe has never stopped, even full of imagination of the romanticism of the universe. It is the existence of this romanticism that promotes the journey of human beings to explore the universe.

The universe satisfies all human imaginations of romance. In 1990, Voyager 1 flew over Neptune’s orbit, 6.4 billion kilometers away from the Earth, and took the last photo of looking back at the blue ocean planet.

Voyager 1 photographed the earth.

Carl sagan, a world-famous astronomer and founder of the Planetary Society, said with deep affection:

"All our joys and pains, all our eloquent religious, ideological and economic thoughts, all hunters and robbers, all heroes and cowards, all creators and destroyers of civilization, all emperors and farmers, all saints and sinners … have happened on this dust suspended in the sun since the first day of human existence."

In 1977, Voyager One "ran away from home" and took away an album, Voyager Golden Records. This album, the first cosmic business card of mankind, was carried by Voyager 1 to wander among hundreds of millions of stars.

The cover of traveler’s gold record

The album records the voices of human beings expressing blessings and greetings in 55 languages, and a paragraph recorded in Mandarin: "How are you? We all miss you very much. Please come and play here when you are free. "

Natural wind and rain, thunder and lightning, volcanic eruptions, animal calls, ship horns, the roar of cars and trains, and people’s kisses, footsteps, heartbeats, brain waves, etc. are all recorded in golden records in the form of sounds, floating among the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way.

Space Butterfly w40 Nebula

And if the album cover is burned, it expresses the ultimate romance of mankind to the universe:

"This is a gift from a distant and small world. It records our voices, our science, our images, our music, our thoughts and feelings. We are trying to make the civilization of the earth last for a long time, so as to meet your civilization. I hope that one day, people on earth can overcome the difficulties they face and join the big family of cosmic civilization. This record represents our expectations and determination, and represents our best wishes to the vast universe. "

In 2001, the artist created works based on the impression of black hole accretion disks.

The goal of the Voyager probe was originally to explore Jupiter and satellites. After completing the exploration of the two, people found that the Voyager probe might be able to reach a distant place that no one had ever touched, so they decided to let the traveler go on, which also raised a Don Quixote-like illusion in the hearts of scientists.

Voyager 1 is already the only artificial celestial body outside the solar system. Trekking in the cold and dark interstellar space will last forever. It ran away from home in 1977 for a simple reason: to see the unknown world.

The mysterious smile of Cheshire cat galaxy cluster

Ten billion miles away, Little Voyager 1 carries dozens of languages to tell the story of the vast outer solar system, the evidence of human existence, and the curiosity and goodwill of this species.

Mark Haddon, a famous British playwright, once said, "When we look at the starry sky, we know that these stars are hundreds of light-years away from us, and some of them even no longer exist. It took a long time for their light to reach the earth, and during this time, they themselves have disappeared or exploded into red dwarfs. These facts will make people feel insignificant. If you encounter difficulties in life, think about them and you will understand what is insignificant. "

Author | Zhang Jiale, Xiao Meng

References:

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/may/12/supermassive-black-hole-centre-milky-way-first-time-sagittarius-a-https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/zh/ %E6%97%85%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85%E9%87%91%E5%94%B1%E7%89%87%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9

https://www.last.fm/music/NASA+Voyager+Recordings/+wiki

太空蝴蝶

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Original title: Cosmic Romanticism: Donuts Belonging to the Milky Way.

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[Soda soda market welcomes "antihypertensive drugs"]

Since the Spring Festival, the commodity market has frequently become hot spots, and agricultural products, non-ferrous metals and precious metals have taken turns to stage. Recently, coal and iron ore in the black building materials sector have also begun to show their heads. In this context, the soda ash market has also ushered in "antihypertensive drugs", which ushered in Xiaoyangchun under the stimulation of maintenance.

Since the third quarter of last year, the oversupply of soda ash market has become the core contradiction. The supply pressure brought by the commissioning of the new plant makes it difficult to reverse the trend of excess inventory of soda ash. At present, the soda ash market is in a state of "hypertension", and the supply pressure will continue to increase in the future. Although the planned production capacity in 2024 is lower than that in 2023, the total production capacity of 6 million tons in Alashan Phase I Line 1-3 and Jinshan Phase V will be released in 2024. In addition, in the second and third quarters of this year, the soda ash industry will also face the commissioning of 1 million tons of new plants from Fufeng, Debon and Xiangyu Salt Chemical, and the supply pressure will continue to increase.

Although the soda ash industry is facing supply pressure, the market pressure can be effectively alleviated by exceeding the expected maintenance. The recent increase in the price of soda ash is mainly affected by the unexpected reduction of Fengcheng, Jinshan, Ammonia Alkali Source, Longshan, Alashan, Junhua, Yongli, Nanfang Alkali Industry and Hongsifang. At the same time, the favorable stimulus of policies, such as fully ensuring the timely and quality delivery of real estate projects under construction, and starting construction of additional national debt projects before the end of June this year, also boosted market sentiment.

However, the long-term "high blood pressure" trend of soda ash market is difficult to reverse unless the industry makes deep adjustment. The marginal effect brought by maintenance is gradually weakening, and the supply pressure in the future is still relatively large. As a peak season contract, 09 contract is stimulated by favorable factors such as maintenance, and it is easy to go up and down in the short term, which is more suitable for bargain hunting. But in the long run, the soda ash market will still face downward pressure.

When investors participate in the soda ash market, they should pay attention to factors such as supply pressure, policy changes and industry adjustment, rationally analyze market trends, and make investment decisions cautiously.

Attention, class of 2025! This subsidy will be applied for today (October 10th).

　

1500 yuan/person

　

One-time payment!

　

According to the information from the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Anhui Province, our province officially launched the one-time job-seeking subsidy for the graduates of difficult colleges in 2025 (including the graduates of secondary vocational schools and technical colleges, the same below), which was paid at a rate of 1,500 yuan/person to ease the pressure on graduates’ job-seeking and entrepreneurial expenses.

　

According to the Notice on Doing a Good Job-seeking Subsidy for Difficult Graduates in 2025 (hereinafter referred to as the Notice) jointly issued by the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Anhui Province and the Department of Education of Anhui Province, the subsidy targets are low-income families, zero-employment families, poverty-stricken families, families monitored to prevent poverty, families of fishermen who have retreated from key waters in the Yangtze River basin and poor people, 2025 college graduates in Anhui Province who are disabled or who have obtained national student loans. The subsidy standard is a one-time payment of 1,500 yuan/person, which is mainly used to subsidize the related expenses of graduates in the process of job hunting and entrepreneurship, and to alleviate the pressure on graduates’ job hunting and entrepreneurship expenses.

　

The distribution method is based on the combination of centralized distribution and normalized distribution, online application and offline application. The centralized application is distributed from October 10, 2024 to December 31, 2024, and the normalized application is distributed from January 1, 2025 to July 31, 2025.

　

Online voluntary applications are divided into centralized applications (from October 10th to November 20th, 2024) and normalized applications (from January 1st, 2025 to June 30th, 2025). Graduates who meet the subsidy application conditions can go through Alipay City Service "Sunshine Employment" column, WeChat applet "Sunshine Employment", "Anhui Sunshine Employment Online Service Hall" (website: http://ygjy.ah.gov.cn/) and "Anhui Government Service Network" (website: https://www.ahzwww.gov.cn/).

　

The centralized verification and audit time of the system is from October 10th to November 21st, 2024. In order to reduce the provision of relevant certification materials by graduates and improve work efficiency, six departments, including the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, will use the information system to centrally review and verify the application information submitted by graduates through the inter-departmental information sharing mechanism, and inform graduates of the review results of the application information submitted in time through SMS prompts.

　

The centralized check and audit time for manual check and audit is from October 10th to November 30th, 2024. If the automatic verification of the information system fails and the applicant thinks that he meets the application conditions, the applicant can download and fill in the paper application form through the system, and bring relevant supporting materials, and submit it to the affiliated institution for manual preliminary verification. If the manual verification passes, the affiliated institution will affix its official seal and submit it to the local human resources and social security department.

　

Local human resources, social security and financial departments will fully distribute the subsidy funds to the graduates’ social security card financial account or the bank card provided by the graduates before December 28, 2024 through the way of "paying by banks and directly subsidizing people" while ensuring the safety of funds.

　

The normalized distribution time is from January 1, 2025 to July 31, 2025. Difficult graduates who meet the application conditions but do not apply for subsidies at the centralized distribution time can apply for information online from January 1, 2025 to June 30, 2025. The human resources and social security department should complete the review, publicity and distribution of one-time job-seeking subsidies before the end of the next month when graduates apply for information. If the online verification fails, it shall be handled with reference to the manual verification process.

　

The "Notice" makes it clear that each graduate has only one chance to get a job-seeking subsidy during his or her school years, and students who have applied for subsidies are not allowed to declare again.

　

Source: Anhui Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security.

　

Editor: Zhan Damei

　

Audit: Li Peilin

　

Editor: Chang Ming

　

Producer: Ran Li