China Network August 31 Recently, the Ministry of Education and other eight departments jointly formulated the Implementation Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Myopia among Children and Adolescents (hereinafter referred to as the Plan), proposing that by 2030, the myopia rate of 6-year-old children should be controlled at around 3%, the myopia rate of primary school students should drop below 38%, the myopia rate of junior high school students should drop below 60%, the myopia rate of senior high school students should drop below 70%, and the excellent rate of national students’ physical health standards will reach 20%.

　　The "Proposal" stipulates that written homework is not arranged in the first and second grades of primary school, and the completion time of written homework in the third to sixth grades should not exceed 60 minutes, and the junior high school should not exceed 90 minutes. The homework time should be arranged reasonably in the high school stage, and paper homework should be used in principle; Schools are not allowed to increase or decrease class hours at will, change the difficulty and adjust the progress; Boarding schools should shorten students’ study time at night.

　　Resolutely control the number of unified examinations in the compulsory education stage, and the number of examinations in the first and second grades of primary school shall not exceed 1 per semester, and the number of examinations in other grades shall not exceed 2 per semester. It is strictly forbidden to publish students’ test scores and rankings in any form or manner; It is strictly forbidden to use the award-winning certificates of various competitions, academic competition results or grading certificates as the basis for enrollment; It is strictly forbidden to organize examinations to select students in various names.

　　Encourage schools to purchase adjustable desks and chairs and sitting posture orthotics that meet the standards; Use lighting equipment that is beneficial to vision health; Adjust students’ seats every month and adjust the height of students’ desks and chairs individually every semester. Primary and secondary schools should strictly organize all students to do eye care once a day in the morning and afternoon to ensure that they have more than one hour of physical activity every day at school.

　　The "Proposal" proposes that schools should prohibit students from bringing personal mobile phones, tablets and other electronic products into the classroom, and those brought into the school should be kept in a unified way; In principle, the teaching time using electronic products should not exceed 30% of the total teaching time.

　　Conduct regular vision monitoring. Primary schools should receive the electronic files of children’s and adolescents’ vision health transferred by medical and health institutions, ensure one file for each person, and transfer them in real time with the change of school status; Strictly implement the system of students’ health examination and the system of vision monitoring twice a semester, remind and educate students with abnormal vision, and prescribe personal exercise prescriptions and health care prescriptions for them.

　　The "Program" requires medical institutions to strictly implement the national basic public health services on 0-mdash; Requirements for eye care and vision examination for 6-year-old children, starting from 2019, 0— The coverage rate of eye care and vision examination for 6-year-old children is over 90% every year; General hospitals at or above the county level generally provide ophthalmic medical services.

　　In addition, the "Program" reminds parents not to blindly participate in extracurricular training and follow the trend to avoid reducing the burden on schools and families; Increase children’s outdoor activities and exercise, so that they can contact outdoor natural light for more than 60 minutes every day at home; Master 1— 2 sports skills, develop lifelong exercise habits; Ensure that primary school students sleep for 10 hours a day, junior high school students for 9 hours and senior high school students for 8 hours. (Li Zhexin)

At about 12: 00 Beijing time on August 24th (1: 00 pm local time on the 24th), Japan officially began to discharge the nuclear polluted water from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant into the Pacific Ocean. So, what impact does the discharge of nuclear sewage have on us? Can seafood be eaten in the future? What should I pay attention to when traveling to Japan? At about 19: 00 pm on the 24th, Professor Chen Xinjun, Dean of the School of Ocean Science of Shanghai Ocean University, who is engaged in the research of fishery resources, was interviewed by the reporter of Jiefang Daily Shangguan.

[More than 30,000 tons of nuclear sewage will be discharged this year]

It is reported that Tokyo Electric Power Company plans to add about 1,200 tons of seawater to each ton of nuclear polluted water for dilution, and officially start the discharge of nuclear polluted water after confirming that the concentration is reduced to the so-called "expected standard". According to the plan, 31,200 tons of nuclear polluted water will be discharged in four times in 2023, with the first batch of about 7,800 tons planned to be discharged continuously for 17 days from August 24th.

TEPCO and Japan’s Ministry of the Environment and other departments said that they would set up testing equipment in the waters around the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, and in case of abnormal radiation data, earthquakes with a magnitude of less than 5 (about magnitude 7 on the Richter scale) and tsunamis, the discharge would be suspended.

Japan’s "Daily News" predicts that it will take 30 to 40 years to discharge all these nuclear polluted water.

[Nuclear sewage ≠ nuclear wastewater]

Nuclear sewage, as its name implies, is radioactive sewage. Such as high-level radioactive waste water produced in nuclear accidents, or cooling water in direct contact with nuclear fuel. Experts show that nuclear sewage is not equal to nuclear wastewater. Nuclear sewage is more harmful, containing 64 kinds of nuclear radioactive substances including tritium.

Some Japanese scholars have pointed out that the ocean around Fukushima is not only a fishing ground for local fishermen to survive, but also a part of the Pacific Ocean and even the global ocean. The discharge of nuclear sewage into the ocean will affect global fish migration, offshore fishing, human health, ecological security and other aspects, so this issue is not only a domestic issue in Japan, but an international issue involving global marine ecology and environmental security.

Professor Chen Xinjun, Dean of the School of Marine Science of Shanghai Ocean University, said that Japan discharged the nuclear polluted water from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant into the Pacific Ocean.Its serious impact is irreversible and its consequences are uncertain and unpredictable.

Professor Chen Xinjun explained that the pollution of nuclear elements produced by different levels of nuclear accidents is different. The accident level of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant is quite high, so the pollution degree of nuclear sewage it produces should not be underestimated. Although the discharge site is in Japan, the current impact may be concentrated in the Pacific side of Japan, but with the passage of time, the entire Pacific region will be affected.

[Can seafood still be eaten? 】

Then, can sea salt and seafood still be eaten?

Professor Chen Xinjun emphasized that the decay cycle of different nuclear radioactive elements is different, and some radioactive elements decay quickly, so the impact on organisms will gradually disappear; However, some radioactive elements have a long decay period, and some even take thousands of years to complete, so the influence of such radioactive elements will have a long-term impact through the food chain.

Professor Chen Xinjun, who is engaged in fishery resources research, said that at present, relevant units in China have been collecting fishery resources data before the discharge, and will continue to collect relevant data after the discharge of nuclear sewage in Japan, so as to facilitate the comparative study between the two. At present, there are some studies on the influence of cesium on marine fishery, but there are few studies on the influence of elements such as tritium on marine fishery resources.

"However, citizens should not worry too much. The seafood circulating in the Chinese market must be strictly tested and safe. " Professor Chen Xinjun stressed. At present, China has completely suspended the import of Japanese aquatic products, and aquatic products close to pollution sources will also be strictly controlled; At the same time, for aquatic products caught on the high seas, the relevant state departments will strengthen monitoring and supervision, strengthen international cooperation with relevant coastal countries, and carry out long-term follow-up research on marine ecology and marine life safety.

　　The reference news network reported on October 21. According to the zweites deutsches fernsehen website reported on October 18th, while the third Belt and Road International Cooperation Summit Forum was held, China announced that its economy grew by 4.9% year-on-year in the third quarter. This increase exceeded expectations. It seems that this is a rising signal at the right time.

　　According to the report, although there are still uncertainties in China’s economy, several major US banks, including Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase and Citibank Group, significantly raised their forecasts for China’s economy on the 18th. They believe that China’s economy will recover.

　　These most influential financial institutions in the world predict that China’s economic growth will exceed 5% in 2023. This means that China’s economic growth this year may once again be in the forefront of all industrialized countries and newly industrialized countries. This alone shows that the world’s second largest economy is still of great importance.

　　According to an American business insider website reported on October 19th, Moody’s, a major American bank and rating agency, believes that China’s economy is about to recover. The most influential financial institutions in the world raised the forecast of China’s economic growth in 2023 to 5% and above on the 18th.

　　According to the report, the obviously better-than-expected economic data triggered new optimism about China. Citigroup and Goldman Sachs currently expect China’s GDP to grow by 5.3% this year. JPMorgan Chase predicted that China’s economy would grow by 5.2% this year. JPMorgan Chase wrote that the data in August and September were better than expected, "which is encouraging".

　　Max Zenlein, chief economist of Mercator China Institute, said: "China’s economic model is in a transitional stage, and the government consciously accepts lower GDP growth." He also said that the government hopes that future growth will be promoted by areas that meet national goals, including relying more on high technology. Cenlein believes: "This transformation is not smooth sailing, but China’s economy is not in a crisis mode."

　　On October 20th, the South China Morning Post said in an editorial entitled "New GDP data gives China every reason to see the bright side" that investors have seen encouraging signs of strong recovery. No matter how to interpret the latest GDP data of China, doomsday theorists who predict that the sky will fall will keep silent.

　　The article said that China’s GDP growth in the third quarter exceeded market expectations because consumption rebounded and industrial production stabilized when the government took measures to boost growth. As China’s economy resumed its growth momentum, many analysts were surprised at the extent of its growth. Almost all aspects of consumer spending are increasing.

　　The article said that the latest data shows that Beijing’s growth target of around 5% this year is within reach. We have reason to be optimistic. Given the encouraging GDP data, Beijing will undoubtedly have more confidence in achieving its growth targets and will pay attention to the prospects for next year.

　　The article points out that up to now, many foreign "experts" still know very little about the size and complexity of China, the world’s second largest economy, and they are likely to rave about China’s economy. At the same time, China’s economy will advance in ups and downs like any major market in the world.

　　According to a report on the website of Bloomberg News on October 18th, the GDP data released by China shows that the worst period has passed as consumption drives the economic rebound.

　　Zhou Hao, chief economist of Guotai Junan International, said: "In the short term, at least one thing is clear: China’s growth has basically bottomed out. The momentum of economic growth has swept away some clouds at least in the short term. "

　　The report believes that this judgment also applies to the world economic situation. The International Monetary Fund announced last week that it would keep its global growth forecast unchanged this year, and slightly lowered its growth forecast for next year. The latest data of China’s economy can ease people’s worries about the further global recession. (Compile/Nie Litao, Wu Mei, Wang Dongdong)